Product Details
The short carbon fiber cuts produced by our company are made using sophisticated equipment, resulting in fibers with uniform lengths. Please feel free to purchase them with confidence!
Chopped carbon fiber strands are made by chopping long carbon fiber filaments, and their basic properties mainly depend on the properties of their raw material—long carbon fiber filaments. Due to their apparent形态 as fluffy whiskers of a certain length, compared with long filaments, short fibers have the advantages of uniform dispersion, diverse feeding methods, and simple processes, so they can be applied in fields where long filaments are not suitable.
Carbon fiber has the characteristics of light weight, high strength (its specific gravity is less than 1/4 of that of steel, and its tensile strength is more than 3500Mpa, which is 7-9 times that of steel), high modulus, corrosion resistance, good electrical conductivity, good shielding performance, and high wave absorption. It is mainly used in high-tech fields such as military industry, aerospace, and civil special materials.
Carbon Fiber Performance Parameter Table
Filament diameter 7.0-10μm
Carbon content ≥95%
Density 1.6-1.76 g/ cm
Tensile strength 33.6-3.8GPa
Tensile modulus 220GPa
Volume resistivity 1.5×10﹣3Ωcm
Carbon fiber
Carbon fiber (CF for short), is a new type of fiber material with high strength and high modulus fiber with a carbon content of more than 95%. It is a microcrystalline graphite material made by stacking flake graphite microcrystals and other organic fibers along the axial direction of the fibers, followed by carbonization and graphitization treatment. Carbon fiber is "soft on the outside but hard on the inside". It is lighter in weight than metallic aluminum, but stronger than steel. It also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high modulus, making it an important material in both national defense and military industries as well as civil applications. It not only has the inherent characteristics of carbon materials, but also has the soft processability of textile fibers, and is a new generation of reinforcing fibers.
Carbon fiber has many excellent properties. It has high axial strength and modulus, low density, high specific performance, no creep, resistance to ultra-high temperatures in non-oxidizing environments, good fatigue resistance, specific heat and electrical conductivity between non-metals and metals, a small thermal expansion coefficient with anisotropy, good corrosion resistance, and good X-ray permeability. It also has good electrical and thermal conductivity, and excellent electromagnetic shielding properties, etc.
Compared with traditional glass fiber, the Young's modulus of carbon fiber is more than three times that of glass fiber; compared with Kevlar fiber, its Young's modulus is about twice that of Kevlar fiber. It is insoluble and non-swelling in organic solvents, acids, and alkalis, with outstanding corrosion resistance.
On February 15, 2016, China broke through Japan's control and blockade to develop high-performance carbon fiber.
Composition Structure
Carbon Fiber
Carbon fiber is an inorganic polymer fiber with a carbon content higher than 90%. Among them, those with a carbon content higher than 99% are called graphite fibers. The microstructure of carbon fiber is similar to artificial graphite, which is a turbostratic graphite structure. The distance between the layers of carbon fiber is about 3.39 to 3.42 angstroms. The arrangement of carbon atoms between the parallel layers is not as regular as that of graphite, and the layers are connected by van der Waals forces.
The structure of carbon fiber is usually considered to consist of two-dimensionally ordered crystals and pores. The content, size and distribution of pores have a great influence on the performance of carbon fiber.
When the porosity is lower than a certain critical value, the porosity has no obvious effect on the interlaminar shear strength, flexural strength and tensile strength of carbon fiber composites. Some studies point out that the critical porosity causing the decline of material mechanical properties is 1%-4%. When the pore volume content is in the range of 0-4%, for every 1% increase in pore volume content, the interlaminar shear strength decreases by about 7%. Studies on carbon fiber epoxy resin and carbon fiber bismaleimide resin laminates show that when the porosity exceeds 0.9%, the interlaminar shear strength begins to decrease. It is known from experiments that pores are mainly distributed between fiber bundles and at interlaminar interfaces. Moreover, the higher the pore content, the larger the pore size, which significantly reduces the area of the interlaminar interface in the laminate. When the material is stressed, it is easy to break along the interlayer, which is also the reason why the interlaminar shear strength is relatively sensitive to pores. In addition, the pore is a stress concentration area with weak bearing capacity. When stressed, the pore expands to form a long crack, resulting in damage.
Even if two laminates have the same porosity (using different prepreg methods and manufacturing methods in the same curing cycle), they exhibit completely different mechanical behaviors. The specific values of the decrease in mechanical properties with the increase of porosity are different, showing that the influence of porosity on mechanical properties has large dispersion and poor repeatability. Due to the inclusion of many variable factors, the influence of pores on the mechanical properties of composite laminates is a very complex problem. These factors include: the shape, size and position of pores; the mechanical properties of fibers, matrix and interface; static or dynamic loads.
Compared with porosity and pore aspect ratio, pore size and distribution have a greater impact on mechanical properties. It is also found that large pores (area > 0.03mm²) have an adverse effect on mechanical properties, which is attributed to the influence of pores on the crack propagation in the interlaminar resin-rich area.
Physical Properties
Carbon fiber combines two major characteristics of carbon materials: strong tensile strength and the flexibility and processability of fibers. It is a new material with excellent mechanical properties. The tensile strength of carbon fiber is approximately 2 to 7 GPa, and the tensile modulus is about 200 to 700 GPa. The density is roughly 1.5 to 2.0 grams per cubic centimeter, which, in addition to being related to the structure of the precursor fiber, is mainly determined by the temperature of the carbonization treatment. Generally, after graphitization treatment at a high temperature of 3000°C, the density can reach 2.0 grams per cubic centimeter. Coupled with its light weight, its specific gravity is lighter than that of aluminum, less than 1/4 of that of steel, and its specific strength is 20 times that of iron. The thermal expansion coefficient of carbon fiber is different from that of other fibers; it has the characteristic of anisotropy. The specific heat capacity of carbon fiber is generally 7.12. The thermal conductivity decreases as the temperature rises: it is negative in the direction parallel to the fiber (0.72 to 0.90) and positive in the direction perpendicular to the fiber (32 to 22). The specific resistance of carbon fiber is related to the type of fiber. At 25°C, the high-modulus type is 775, and the high-strength carbon fiber is 1500 per centimeter. This makes carbon fiber have the highest specific strength and specific modulus among all high-performance fibers. Compared with metal materials such as titanium, steel, and aluminum, carbon fiber has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, low density, and small linear expansion coefficient in terms of physical properties, and can be called the "king of new materials."
In addition to having the characteristics of general carbon materials, carbon fiber has significant anisotropic flexibility in its appearance and can be processed into various fabrics. Moreover, due to its low specific gravity, it exhibits high strength along the fiber axis direction. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites have the highest comprehensive indicators of specific strength and specific modulus among existing structural materials. The tensile strength of carbon fiber resin composites is generally above 3500 MPa, which is 7 to 9 times that of steel, and the tensile elastic modulus is 230 to 430 GPa, which is also higher than that of steel. Therefore, the specific strength of CFRP (the ratio of the material's strength to its density) can reach more than 2000 MPa, while that of A3 steel is only about 59 MPa, and its specific modulus is also higher than that of steel. Compared with traditional glass fiber, its Young's modulus (a physical quantity representing the tensile or compressive properties of a material within the elastic limit) is more than 3 times that of glass fiber; compared with Kevlar fiber, its Young's modulus is about twice that of Kevlar fiber. Tests on carbon fiber epoxy laminates show that as the porosity increases, both strength and modulus decrease. Porosity has a very significant impact on interlaminar shear strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus; the tensile strength decreases relatively slowly with the increase in porosity; the tensile modulus is less affected by porosity.
Carbon fiber also has excellent fineness (one of the expressions of fineness is the grams of 9000-meter-long fiber), generally only about 19 grams, and the tensile force is as high as 300 kg per micron. Few other materials have such a series of excellent properties as carbon fiber, so it is used in fields with strict requirements on toughness, rigidity, weight, and fatigue characteristics. When not in contact with air and oxidants, carbon fiber can withstand high temperatures above 3000 degrees, showing outstanding heat resistance. Compared with other materials, the strength of carbon fiber only starts to decrease when the temperature is higher than 1500°C, and the higher the temperature, the greater the fiber strength. The radial strength of carbon fiber is not as good as its axial strength, so carbon fiber is sensitive to radial force (i.e., it cannot be knotted), while the whisker properties of other materials have already decreased significantly. In addition, carbon fiber has good low-temperature resistance; for example, it does not become brittle even at liquid nitrogen temperatures.
The chemical properties of carbon fiber are similar to those of carbon. Except for being oxidizable by strong oxidants, it is inert to general alkalis. When the temperature in air is higher than 400°C, obvious oxidation occurs, generating CO and CO₂. Carbon fiber has good corrosion resistance to general organic solvents, acids, and alkalis; it is insoluble and non-swelling, with excellent corrosion resistance, and there is no problem of rusting at all. Some scholars immersed PAN-based carbon fiber in a strong alkaline sodium hydroxide solution in 1981, and more than 30 years later, it still maintains its fiber form. However, its impact resistance is poor and it is easily damaged. It undergoes oxidation under the action of strong acids. The electromotive force of carbon fiber is positive, while that of aluminum alloy is negative. When carbon fiber composites are used in combination with aluminum alloys, phenomena such as metal carbonization, carburization, and electrochemical corrosion will occur. Therefore, carbon fiber must undergo surface treatment before use. Carbon fiber also has properties such as oil resistance, radiation resistance, radioresistance, absorption of toxic gases, and neutron deceleration.
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